Racing to Rescue Koalas 争分夺秒营救考拉

原文

Racing to Rescue Koalas

It’s two in the morning, and a koala is caught on a fence, like a prisoner trying to escape. A phone rings in the home of Megan Aitken in a suburb of Brisbane, on the east coast of Australia. Aitken runs a volunteer organization devoted to rescuing wild koalas.

Before she is told the location, she has already thrown her clothes over her pajamas, ready to head out. When Aitken arrives on the scene, two other volunteers—Jane Davies and Sandra Peachey—are already there. They discover that the koala’s fur is caught in the barbed wire. Nearby, they notice tall eucalyptus trees. “He was obviously trying to get to the trees on the other side,” Aitken says.

Aitken puts on heavy gloves. Despite their cute appearance, koalas can be ferocious when resisting capture. If they feel threatened, they bite, and Aitken has the scars to prove it.

The volunteers get to work. Davies throws a blanket over the animal, while Peachey opens the lid of a cage. Aitken firmly grasps the koala through the blanket, frees it from the fence, and drops it in the cage.

Next, they check the animal’s physical condition. If the koala is sick or injured, it may need to be taken to an animal hospital. If the koala is healthy—like this one—it is normally released where it is found. Koalas tend to live in a small area and often eat from the same trees over and over.

Right now, however, Aitken and the rescued koala are in a suburb with almost no trees. “This is the whole problem,” Aitken says. “There are so few places left for the koala.” In the end, Aitken takes the animal to a small park nearby and releases him. “Good luck, little one,” she says.

Koalas at Risk

“Koalas are getting caught in fences and dying,” explains Deidre de Villiers, a koala researcher in Queensland, Australia. Others are being killed by dogs or struck by vehicles, she says. Some even die “simply because a homeowner cut down several eucalyptus trees in his backyard.”

For 15 years, de Villiers has been studying koalas and the reasons for their disappearance. She is also working on ways to make suburban areas more koala-friendly. De Villiers believes that koalas and humans can live together if certain changes are made. She recommends reducing speed limits on streets and creating more green areas for koalas to live in. Even more important is the need to preserve eucalyptus trees.

Even if these changes are made, koalas still have another problem. “Disease is a huge issue,” explains veterinarian Jon Hanger. Hanger says that almost half of Queensland’s female koalas are affected by a disease called chlamydiosis. Without treatment, the koalas are unable to reproduce.

“Koala populations that used to be vibrant are becoming extinct,” says Hanger. Once, there were millions of koalas in Australia; now, there are believed to be fewer than 80,000.

A Friend to Koalas

At her home near Brisbane, Deidre de Villiers is taking care of a female koala named Ruby. “Ruby still sleeps in the basket hugging her teddy bear,” she says. “She was rescued from the jaws of a dog.” Every two days, de Villiers collects eucalyptus leaves, the koala’s primary food, from a nearby farm to feed Ruby. For 12 years, she has cared for more than 60 koalas.

Later, de Villiers visits a forest near Brisbane to catch Tee Vee, a wild female koala. De Villiers has been following Tee Vee for over a year. Using special audio equipment, de Villiers walks and listens for a signal from the koala’s radio collar.

She eventually finds Tee Vee sitting on a tree branch 15 meters high. As de Villiers climbs up a ladder, Tee Vee starts moving down the tree. Then, suddenly, the koala jumps into the air and lands on the ground. She is quickly captured by de Villiers’s team.

Tee Vee is given medicine to relax her. Next, de Villiers measures the length of the koala’s body and head. She also checks Tee Vee’s teeth and the condition of her fur. “I think she has a baby,” de Villiers says.

She carefully opens the koala’s pouch and takes out a 10-centimeter-long baby koala. De Villiers examines the baby for any problems. Then she puts it back in the mother’s pouch. “As long as there are healthy babies,” she says, “there’s still hope.”

音标

Racing to Rescue Koalas
/ˈreɪsɪŋ tə ˈrɛskju koʊˈɑləz/

It’s two in the morning, and a koala is caught on a fence, like a prisoner trying to escape.
/ɪts tu ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ, ænd ə koʊˈɑlə ɪz kɔt ɑn ə fɛns, laɪk ə ˈprɪzənər ˈtraɪɪŋ tə ɪˈskeɪp/
A phone rings in the home of Megan Aitken in a suburb of Brisbane, on the east coast of Australia.
/ə foʊn rɪŋz ɪn ðə hoʊm əv ˈmɛɡən ˈeɪtkən ɪn ə ˈsʌbɜrb əv ˈbrɪzbən, ɑn ði ist koʊst əv ɔˈstreɪljə/
Aitken runs a volunteer organization devoted to rescuing wild koalas.
/ˈeɪtkən rʌnz ə ˌvɑlənˈtɪr ˌɔrɡənəˈzeɪʃən dɪˈvoʊtəd tə ˈrɛskjuɪŋ waɪld koʊˈɑləz/


Before she is told the location, she has already thrown her clothes over her pajamas, ready to head out.
/bɪˈfɔr ʃi ɪz toʊld ðə loʊˈkeɪʃən, ʃi hæz ɔlˈrɛdi θroʊn hər kloʊðz ˈoʊvər hər pəˈdʒɑməz, ˈrɛdi tə hɛd aʊt/

When Aitken arrives on the scene, two other volunteers—Jane Davies and Sandra Peachey—are already there.
/wɛn ˈeɪtkən əˈraɪvz ɑn ðə sin, tu ˈʌðər ˌvɑlənˈtɪrz—dʒeɪn ˈdeɪviz ænd ˈsændrə ˈpitʃi—ɑr ɔlˈrɛdi ðɛr/
They discover that the koala’s fur is caught in the barbed wire.
/ðeɪ dɪˈskʌvər ðæt ðə koʊˈɑləz fɜr ɪz kɔt ɪn ðə bɑrbd waɪr/
Nearby, they notice tall eucalyptus trees.
/ˌnɪrˈbaɪ, ðeɪ ˈnoʊtəs tɔl ˌjukəˈlɪptəs triz/
“He was obviously trying to get to the trees on the other side,” Aitken says.
/hi wəz ˈɑbviəsli ˈtraɪɪŋ tə ɡɛt tə ðə triz ɑn ði ˈʌðər saɪd, ˈeɪtkən sɛz/


Aitken puts on heavy gloves.
/ˈeɪtkən pʊts ɑn ˈhɛvi ɡlʌvz/
Despite their cute appearance, koalas can be ferocious when resisting capture.
/dɪˈspaɪt ðɛr kjut əˈpɪrəns, koʊˈɑləz kən bi fəˈroʊʃəs wɛn rɪˈzɪstɪŋ ˈkæptʃər/
If they feel threatened, they bite, and Aitken has the scars to prove it.
/ɪf ðeɪ fil ˈθrɛtənd, ðeɪ baɪt, ænd ˈeɪtkən hæz ðə skɑrz tə pruv ɪt/


The volunteers get to work.
/ðə ˌvɑlənˈtɪrz ɡɛt tə wɜrk/
Davies throws a blanket over the animal, while Peachey opens the lid of a cage.
/ˈdeɪviz θroʊz ə ˈblæŋkət ˈoʊvər ði ˈænəməl, waɪl ˈpitʃi ˈoʊpənz ðə lɪd əv ə keɪdʒ/
Aitken firmly grasps the koala through the blanket, frees it from the fence, and drops it in the cage.
/ˈeɪtkən ˈfɜrmli ɡræsps ðə koʊˈɑlə θru ðə ˈblæŋkət, friz ɪt frəm ðə fɛns, ænd drɑps ɪt ɪn ðə keɪdʒ/


Next, they check the animal’s physical condition.
/nɛkst, ðeɪ tʃɛk ði ˈænəməlz ˈfɪzɪkəl kənˈdɪʃən/
If the koala is sick or injured, it may need to be taken to an animal hospital.
/ɪf ðə koʊˈɑlə ɪz sɪk ɔr ˈɪndʒərd, ɪt meɪ nid tə bi ˈteɪkən tə ən ˈænəməl ˈhɑspɪtəl/
If the koala is healthy—like this one—it is normally released where it is found.
/ɪf ðə koʊˈɑlə ɪz ˈhɛlθi—laɪk ðɪs wʌn—ɪt ɪz ˈnɔrməli rɪˈlist wɛr ɪt ɪz faʊnd/
Koalas tend to live in a small area and often eat from the same trees over and over.
/koʊˈɑləz tɛnd tə lɪv ɪn ə smɔl ˈɛriə ænd ˈɔfən it frəm ðə seɪm triz ˈoʊvər ænd ˈoʊvər/


Right now, however, Aitken and the rescued koala are in a suburb with almost no trees.
/raɪt naʊ, haʊˈɛvər, ˈeɪtkən ænd ðə ˈrɛskjud koʊˈɑlə ɑr ɪn ə ˈsʌbɜrb wɪð ˈɔlmoʊst noʊ triz/
“This is the whole problem,” Aitken says.
/ðɪs ɪz ðə hoʊl ˈprɑbləm, ˈeɪtkən sɛz/
“There are so few places left for the koala.”
/ðɛr ɑr soʊ fju ˈpleɪsəz lɛft fər ðə koʊˈɑlə/
In the end, Aitken takes the animal to a small park nearby and releases him.
/ɪn ði ɛnd, ˈeɪtkən teɪks ði ˈænəməl tə ə smɔl pɑrk ˌnɪrˈbaɪ ænd rɪˈlisəz hɪm/
“Good luck, little one,” she says.
/ɡʊd lʌk, ˈlɪtəl wʌn, ʃi sɛz/


Koalas at Risk
/koʊˈɑləz æt rɪsk/

“Koalas are getting caught in fences and dying,” explains Deidre de Villiers, a koala researcher in Queensland, Australia.
/koʊˈɑləz ɑr ˈɡɛtɪŋ kɔt ɪn ˈfɛnsəz ænd ˈdaɪɪŋ, ɪkˈspleɪnz ˈdidrə də vɪlˈjɛrz, ə koʊˈɑlə rɪˈsɜrtʃər ɪn ˈkwinzˌlænd, ɔˈstreɪljə/
Others are being killed by dogs or struck by vehicles, she says.
/ˈʌðərz ɑr ˈbiɪŋ kɪld baɪ dɔɡz ɔr strʌk baɪ ˈviəkəlz, ʃi sɛz/
Some even die “simply because a homeowner cut down several eucalyptus trees in his backyard.”
/sʌm ˈivən daɪ ˈsɪmpli bɪˈkɔz ə ˈhoʊmˌoʊnər kʌt daʊn ˈsɛvərəl ˌjukəˈlɪptəs triz ɪn hɪz ˌbækˈjɑrd/



For 15 years, de Villiers has been studying koalas and the reasons for their disappearance.
/fər ˌfɪfˈtin jɪrz, də vɪlˈjɛrz hæz bɪn ˈstʌdiɪŋ koʊˈɑləz ænd ðə ˈrizənz fər ðɛr ˌdɪsəˈpɪrəns/
She is also working on ways to make suburban areas more koala-friendly.
/ʃi ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈwɜrkɪŋ ɑn weɪz tə meɪk səˈbɜrbən ˈɛriəz mɔr koʊˈɑlə ˈfrɛndli/
De Villiers believes that koalas and humans can live together if certain changes are made.
/də vɪlˈjɛrz bɪˈlivz ðæt koʊˈɑləz ænd ˈhjumənz kən lɪv təˈɡɛðər ɪf ˈsɜrtən ˈtʃeɪndʒəz ɑr meɪd/
She recommends reducing speed limits on streets and creating more green areas for koalas to live in.
/ʃi ˌrɛkəˈmɛndz rɪˈdusɪŋ spid ˈlɪməts ɑn strits ænd kriˈeɪtɪŋ mɔr ɡrin ˈɛriəz fər koʊˈɑləz tə lɪv ɪn/
Even more important is the need to preserve eucalyptus trees.
/ˈivən mɔr ɪmˈpɔrtənt ɪz ðə nid tə prɪˈzɜrv ˌjukəˈlɪptəs triz/


Even if these changes are made, koalas still have another problem.
/ˈivən ɪf ðiz ˈtʃeɪndʒəz ɑr meɪd, koʊˈɑləz stɪl hæv əˈnʌðər ˈprɑbləm/
“Disease is a huge issue,” explains veterinarian Jon Hanger.
/dɪˈziz ɪz ə hjudʒ ˈɪʃu, ɪkˈspleɪnz ˌvɛtərəˈnɛriən dʒɑn ˈhæŋər/
Hanger says that almost half of Queensland’s female koalas are affected by a disease called chlamydiosis.
/ˈhæŋər sɛz ðæt ˈɔlmoʊst hæf əv ˈkwinzˌlændz ˈfiˌmeɪl koʊˈɑləz ɑr əˈfɛktəd baɪ ə dɪˈziz kɔld kləˌmɪdiˈoʊsəs/
Without treatment, the koalas are unable to reproduce.
/wɪˈðaʊt ˈtritmənt, ðə koʊˈɑləz ɑr ʌnˈeɪbəl tə ˌriprəˈdus/
“Koala populations that used to be vibrant are becoming extinct,” says Hanger.
/koʊˈɑlə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃənz ðæt just tə bi ˈvaɪbrənt ɑr bɪˈkʌmɪŋ ɪkˈstɪŋkt, sɛz ˈhæŋər/
Once, there were millions of koalas in Australia; now, there are believed to be fewer than 80,000.
/wʌns, ðɛr wər ˈmɪljənz əv koʊˈɑləz ɪn ɔˈstreɪljə; naʊ, ðɛr ɑr bɪˈlivd tə bi ˈfjuər ðæn ˌeɪti ˈθaʊzənd/


A Friend to Koalas
/ə frɛnd tə koʊˈɑləz/

At her home near Brisbane, Deidre de Villiers is taking care of a female koala named Ruby.
/æt hər hoʊm nɪr ˈbrɪzbən, ˈdidrə də vɪlˈjɛrz ɪz ˈteɪkɪŋ kɛr əv ə ˈfiˌmeɪl koʊˈɑlə neɪmd ˈrubi/
“Ruby still sleeps in the basket hugging her teddy bear,” she says.
/ˈrubi stɪl slips ɪn ðə ˈbæskət ˈhʌɡɪŋ hər ˈtɛdi bɛr, ʃi sɛz/
“She was rescued from the jaws of a dog.”
/ʃi wəz ˈrɛskjud frəm ðə dʒɔz əv ə dɔɡ/
Every two days, de Villiers collects eucalyptus leaves, the koala’s primary food, from a nearby farm to feed Ruby.
/ˈɛvri tu deɪz, də vɪlˈjɛrz kəˈlɛkts ˌjukəˈlɪptəs livz, ðə koʊˈɑləz ˈpraɪˌmɛri fud, frəm ə ˌnɪrˈbaɪ fɑrm tə fid ˈrubi/
For 12 years, she has cared for more than 60 koalas.
/fər twɛlv jɪrz, ʃi hæz kɛrd fər mɔr ðæn ˈsɪksti koʊˈɑləz/


Later, de Villiers visits a forest near Brisbane to catch Tee Vee, a wild female koala.
/ˈleɪtər, də vɪlˈjɛrz ˈvɪzəts ə ˈfɔrəst nɪr ˈbrɪzbən tə kætʃ ˈti ˈvi, ə waɪld ˈfiˌmeɪl koʊˈɑlə/
De Villiers has been following Tee Vee for over a year.
/də vɪlˈjɛrz hæz bɪn ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈti ˈvi fər ˈoʊvər ə jɪr/
Using special audio equipment, de Villiers walks and listens for a signal from the koala’s radio collar.
/ˈjuzɪŋ ˈspɛʃəl ˈɔdioʊ ɪˈkwɪpmənt, də vɪlˈjɛrz wɔks ænd ˈlɪsənz fər ə ˈsɪɡnəl frəm ðə koʊˈɑləz ˈreɪdioʊ ˈkɑlər/


She eventually finds Tee Vee sitting on a tree branch 15 meters high.
/ʃi ɪˈvɛntʃuəli faɪndz ˈti ˈvi ˈsɪtɪŋ ɑn ə tri bræntʃ ˌfɪfˈtin ˈmitərz haɪ/
As de Villiers climbs up a ladder, Tee Vee starts moving down the tree.
/æz də vɪlˈjɛrz klaɪmz ʌp ə ˈlædər, ˈti ˈvi stɑrts ˈmuvɪŋ daʊn ðə tri/
Then, suddenly, the koala jumps into the air and lands on the ground.
/ðɛn, ˈsʌdənli, ðə koʊˈɑlə dʒʌmps ˈɪntu ði ɛr ænd lændz ɑn ðə ɡraʊnd/
She is quickly captured by de Villiers’s team.
/ʃi ɪz ˈkwɪkli ˈkæptʃərd baɪ də vɪlˈjɛrzɪz tim/


Tee Vee is given medicine to relax her.
/ˈti ˈvi ɪz ˈɡɪvən ˈmɛdəsən tə rɪˈlæks hər/
Next, de Villiers measures the length of the koala’s body and head.
/nɛkst, də vɪlˈjɛrz ˈmɛʒərz ðə lɛŋθ əv ðə koʊˈɑləz ˈbɑdi ænd hɛd/
She also checks Tee Vee’s teeth and the condition of her fur.
/ʃi ˈɔlsoʊ tʃɛks ˈti ˈviz tiθ ænd ðə kənˈdɪʃən əv hər fɜr/
“I think she has a baby,” de Villiers says.
/aɪ θɪŋk ʃi hæz ə ˈbeɪbi, də vɪlˈjɛrz sɛz/


She carefully opens the koala’s pouch and takes out a 10-centimeter-long baby koala.
/ʃi ˈkɛrfəli ˈoʊpənz ðə koʊˈɑləz paʊtʃ ænd teɪks aʊt ə ˈtɛn ˈsɛntəˌmitər lɔŋ ˈbeɪbi koʊˈɑlə/
De Villiers examines the baby for any problems.
/də vɪlˈjɛrz ɪɡˈzæmənz ðə ˈbeɪbi fər ˈɛni ˈprɑbləmz/
Then she puts it back in the mother’s pouch.
/ðɛn ʃi pʊts ɪt bæk ɪn ðə ˈmʌðərz paʊtʃ/
“As long as there are healthy babies,” she says, “there’s still hope.”
/æz lɔŋ æz ðɛr ɑr ˈhɛlθi ˈbeɪbiz, ʃi sɛz, ðɛrz stɪl hoʊp/

双语

Racing to Rescue Koalas
争分夺秒营救考拉

It’s two in the morning, and a koala is caught on a fence, like a prisoner trying to escape.
凌晨两点,一只考拉被困在围栏上,活像个试图越狱的囚犯。
A phone rings in the home of Megan Aitken in a suburb of Brisbane, on the east coast of Australia.
澳大利亚东海岸布里斯班郊区,梅根·艾特肯家里的电话响了。
Aitken runs a volunteer organization devoted to rescuing wild koalas.
艾特肯经营着一个专门营救野生考拉的志愿者组织。


Before she is told the location, she has already thrown her clothes over her pajamas, ready to head out.
还没等对方告诉她具体地点,她就已经在睡衣外套上衣服,准备出发了。
When Aitken arrives on the scene, two other volunteers—Jane Davies and Sandra Peachey—are already there.
艾特肯赶到现场时,另外两名志愿者——简·戴维斯和桑德拉·皮奇——已经到了。
They discover that the koala’s fur is caught in the barbed wire.
她们发现考拉的毛被铁丝网上的倒刺缠住了。
Nearby, they notice tall eucalyptus trees.
她们注意到附近有一些高大的桉树。
“He was obviously trying to get to the trees on the other side,” Aitken says.
“它显然是想去围栏另一边的那些树那里。”艾特肯说。


Aitken puts on heavy gloves.
艾特肯戴上厚厚的手套。
Despite their cute appearance, koalas can be ferocious when resisting capture.
考拉虽然看起来很可爱,但在抗拒被捕捉时也会非常凶猛。
If they feel threatened, they bite, and Aitken has the scars to prove it.
如果感到受到威胁,它们就会咬人,而艾特肯身上的伤疤就是证明。


The volunteers get to work.
志愿者们开始行动。
Davies throws a blanket over the animal, while Peachey opens the lid of a cage.
戴维斯用毯子盖住考拉,同时皮奇打开笼子的盖子。
Aitken firmly grasps the koala through the blanket, frees it from the fence, and drops it in the cage.
艾特肯隔着毯子牢牢抓住考拉,把它从围栏上解救下来,然后放进笼子里。


Next, they check the animal’s physical condition.
接下来,她们检查这只考拉的身体状况。
If the koala is sick or injured, it may need to be taken to an animal hospital.
如果考拉生病或受伤了,就可能需要送到动物医院。
If the koala is healthy—like this one—it is normally released where it is found.
如果考拉身体健康——就像这一只——通常会在发现它的地方将它放生。
Koalas tend to live in a small area and often eat from the same trees over and over.
考拉通常生活在一小片区域内,而且经常反复在同样的几棵树上觅食。


Right now, however, Aitken and the rescued koala are in a suburb with almost no trees.
然而此时,艾特肯和获救的考拉所在的郊区几乎没有树木。
“This is the whole problem,” Aitken says.
“这正是问题所在。”艾特肯说。
“There are so few places left for the koala.”
“留给考拉的生存空间已经所剩无几。”
In the end, Aitken takes the animal to a small park nearby and releases him.
最后,艾特肯把这只考拉带到附近的一个小公园,将它放生。
“Good luck, little one,” she says.
“祝你好运,小家伙。”她说。


Koalas at Risk
面临生存危机的考拉

“Koalas are getting caught in fences and dying,” explains Deidre de Villiers, a koala researcher in Queensland, Australia.
“考拉会被困在围栏上,最后死去。”澳大利亚昆士兰州的考拉研究人员戴德丽·德维利尔斯解释道。
Others are being killed by dogs or struck by vehicles, she says.
她说,还有一些考拉会被狗咬死,或者被车辆撞死。
Some even die “simply because a homeowner cut down several eucalyptus trees in his backyard.”
有些考拉甚至会“仅仅因为某个房主砍掉了自家后院里的几棵桉树”而死去。


For 15 years, de Villiers has been studying koalas and the reasons for their disappearance.
15年来,德维利尔斯一直在研究考拉以及它们逐渐消失的原因。
She is also working on ways to make suburban areas more koala-friendly.
她也一直在研究如何让郊区变得更加适合考拉生存。
De Villiers believes that koalas and humans can live together if certain changes are made.
德维利尔斯认为,只要做出一些改变,考拉和人类是可以共同生活的。
She recommends reducing speed limits on streets and creating more green areas for koalas to live in.
她建议降低道路限速,并为考拉创造更多可以生活的绿地。
Even more important is the need to preserve eucalyptus trees.
更重要的是保护桉树。


Even if these changes are made, koalas still have another problem.
即使做出了这些改变,考拉仍然面临另一个问题。
“Disease is a huge issue,” explains veterinarian Jon Hanger.
“疾病是一个非常严重的问题。”兽医乔恩·汉格解释道。
Hanger says that almost half of Queensland’s female koalas are affected by a disease called chlamydiosis.
汉格说,昆士兰州几乎一半的雌性考拉都受到一种叫作衣原体病的疾病影响。
Without treatment, the koalas are unable to reproduce.
如果得不到治疗,这些考拉就无法繁殖后代。
“Koala populations that used to be vibrant are becoming extinct,” says Hanger.
“曾经繁盛的考拉种群正走向灭绝。”汉格说。
Once, there were millions of koalas in Australia; now, there are believed to be fewer than 80,000.
澳大利亚曾经生活着数百万只考拉;而如今,人们认为考拉的数量已经不足8万只。


A Friend to Koalas
考拉的朋友

At her home near Brisbane, Deidre de Villiers is taking care of a female koala named Ruby.
在布里斯班附近的家中,戴德丽·德维利尔斯正在照顾一只名叫鲁比的雌性考拉。
“Ruby still sleeps in the basket hugging her teddy bear,” she says.
“鲁比睡觉时仍然会待在篮子里,抱着她的泰迪熊。”她说。
“She was rescued from the jaws of a dog.”
“她是从一只狗的嘴里被救出来的。”
Every two days, de Villiers collects eucalyptus leaves, the koala’s primary food, from a nearby farm to feed Ruby.
每隔两天,德维利尔斯都会从附近农场采集考拉的主食——桉树叶来喂鲁比。
For 12 years, she has cared for more than 60 koalas.
12年来,她已经照顾过60多只考拉。


Later, de Villiers visits a forest near Brisbane to catch Tee Vee, a wild female koala.
之后,德维利尔斯来到布里斯班附近的一片森林,准备捕捉一只名叫蒂维的野生雌性考拉。
De Villiers has been following Tee Vee for over a year.
德维利尔斯已经跟踪观察蒂维一年多了。
Using special audio equipment, de Villiers walks and listens for a signal from the koala’s radio collar.
德维利尔斯一边行走,一边利用特殊的音频设备接收考拉无线电项圈发出的信号。


She eventually finds Tee Vee sitting on a tree branch 15 meters high.
最终,她发现蒂维正坐在15米高的一根树枝上。
As de Villiers climbs up a ladder, Tee Vee starts moving down the tree.
德维利尔斯沿着梯子往上爬时,蒂维开始顺着树往下移动。
Then, suddenly, the koala jumps into the air and lands on the ground.
随后,考拉突然纵身一跃,落到了地面上。
She is quickly captured by de Villiers’s team.
德维利尔斯的团队很快就抓住了她。


Tee Vee is given medicine to relax her.
工作人员给蒂维服用了让她放松的药物。
Next, de Villiers measures the length of the koala’s body and head.
接下来,德维利尔斯测量了考拉身体和头部的长度。
She also checks Tee Vee’s teeth and the condition of her fur.
她还检查了蒂维的牙齿和毛发状况。
“I think she has a baby,” de Villiers says.
“我觉得她有宝宝了。”德维利尔斯说。


She carefully opens the koala’s pouch and takes out a 10-centimeter-long baby koala.
她小心翼翼地打开考拉的育儿袋,从里面取出一只身长10厘米的考拉宝宝。
De Villiers examines the baby for any problems.
德维利尔斯检查这只考拉宝宝是否存在任何健康问题。
Then she puts it back in the mother’s pouch.
然后,她把考拉宝宝放回妈妈的育儿袋里。
“As long as there are healthy babies,” she says, “there’s still hope.”
“只要还有健康的考拉宝宝,”她说,“就还有希望。”


Inside Animal Minds 动物的内心世界

原文

Inside Animal Minds

Tool use may be one indication of intelligence. Primates such as chimps and orangutans use leaves as drinking tools or for protection from rain. Even birds such as crows have shown problem-solving skills and creativity by using tools such as metal wire to obtain food.

In 1977, Irene Pepperberg, a recent graduate of Harvard University, did something very unusual. Pepperberg was interested in learning if animals could think, and the best way to do this, she reasoned, was to talk to them. To test her theory, she bought an African gray parrot she named Alex and taught him to reproduce the sounds of the English language. ‘I thought if he learned to communicate, I could ask him questions about how he sees the world,’ she explains.

When Pepperberg began her research with Alex, very few scientists acknowledged that animals were capable of thought. The general belief was that animals reacted to things in their environment but lacked the ability to think or feel. How, then, could a scientist demonstrate that animals might, in fact, possess intelligence? “That’s why I started my studies with Alex,” Pepperberg says.

Certain skills are considered key signs of higher mental abilities: a good memory, an understanding of symbols, self-awareness, understanding of others’ motives, and creativity. Little by little, researchers have documented these abilities in other species. Sheep and elephants can recognize faces. Chimpanzees — who are genetically similar to humans — use a variety of primitive tools for eating, drinking, and hunting; they also laugh when pleased and spit to show they dislike something. Octopuses in captivity are known to amuse themselves by shooting water at laboratory staff. They may even exhibit basic emotions by changing color.

Alex the parrot was a surprisingly good talker. He learned how to use his voice to imitate almost 100 English words, including those for foods, colors, shapes, and numbers. Although imitation was once considered a simple skill, in recent years, scientists have revealed that it’s an extremely difficult ability. Because Alex had mastered many English words, Pepperberg could ask him questions about a bird’s basic understanding of the world. Alex could count, as well as describe shapes, colors, and sizes for Pepperberg; he even had an elementary understanding of the abstract concept of zero.



音标

Inside Animal Minds
/ɪnˈsaɪd ˈænəməl maɪndz/

Tool use may be one indication of intelligence.
/tul yus meɪ bi wʌn ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən əv ɪnˈtɛlədʒəns/
Primates such as chimps and orangutans use leaves as drinking tools or for protection from rain.
/ˈpraɪmeɪts sʌtʃ əz tʃɪmps ənd əˈræŋəˌtænz yuz livz əz ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ tulz ər fər prəˈtɛkʃən frəm reɪn/
Even birds such as crows have shown problem-solving skills and creativity by using tools such as metal wire to obtain food.
/ˈivən bərdz sʌtʃ əz kroʊz həv ʃoʊn ˈprɑbləm ˈsɑlvɪŋ skɪlz ənd ˌkrieɪˈtɪvət̮i baɪ ˈyuzɪŋ tulz sʌtʃ əz ˈmɛtl waɪr tə əbˈteɪn fud/


In 1977, Irene Pepperberg, a recent graduate of Harvard University, did something very unusual.
/ɪn ˌnaɪntin ˈsɛvənti ˈsɛvən | aɪˈrin ˈpɛpərˌbərg | ə ˈrisənt ˈgrædʒueɪt əv ˈhɑrvərd ˌyunəˈvərsəti | dɪd ˈsʌmθɪŋ ˈvɛri ʌnˈyuʒuəl/
Pepperberg was interested in learning if animals could think, and the best way to do this, she reasoned, was to talk to them.
/ˈpɛpərˌbərg wəz ˈɪntrəstəd ɪn ˈlərnɪŋ ɪf ˈænəmlz kəd θɪŋk | ənd ðə bɛst weɪ tə du ðɪs | ʃi ˈrizənd | wəz tə tɔk tə ðəm/
To test her theory, she bought an African gray parrot she named Alex and taught him to reproduce the sounds of the English language.
/tə tɛst hər ˈθiəri | ʃi bɔt ən ˈæfrɪkən greɪ ˈpɛrət ʃi neɪmd ˈælɛks ənd tɔt ɪm tə ˌriprəˈdus ðə saʊndz əv ðə ˈɪŋglɪʃ ˈlæŋgwɪdʒ/
“I thought if he learned to communicate, I could ask him questions about how he sees the world,” she explains.
/aɪ θɔt ɪf i lərnd tə kəˈmyunəˌkeɪt | aɪ kəd æsk ɪm ˈkwɛstʃənz əˈbaʊt haʊ hi siz ðə wərld | ʃi ɪkˈspleɪnz/


When Pepperberg began her research with Alex, very few scientists acknowledged that animals were capable of thought.
/wɛn ˈpɛpərˌbərg bɪˈgæn hər ˌriˈsərtʃ wɪð ˈælɛks | ˈvɛri fyu ˈsaɪəntɪsts əkˈnɑlɪdʒd ðət ˈænəməlz wər ˈkeɪpəbəl əv θɔt/
The general belief was that animals reacted to things in their environment but lacked the ability to think or feel.
/ðə ˈdʒɛnərəl bəˈlif wəz ðət ˈænəməlz riˈæktəd tə θɪŋz ɪn ðər ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt bət lækt ði əˈbɪləti tə θɪŋk ər fil/
How, then, could a scientist demonstrate that animals might, in fact, possess intelligence?
/haʊ | ðɛn | kəd ə ˈsaɪəntɪst ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt ðət ˈænəməlz maɪt | ɪn fækt | pəˈzɛs ɪnˈtɛlədʒəns/ “That’s why I started my studies with Alex,” Pepperberg says.
/ðæts waɪ aɪ ˈstɑrtəd maɪ ˈstʌdiz wɪð ˈælɛks | ˈpɛpərˌbərg sɛz/


Certain skills are considered key signs of higher mental abilities: a good memory, an understanding of symbols, self-awareness, understanding of others’ motives, and creativity.
/ˈsərtən skɪlz ər kənˈsɪdərd ki saɪnz əv ˈhaɪər ˈmɛntəl əˈbɪlətiz | ə gʊd ˈmɛməri | ən ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ əv ˈsɪmbəlz | sɛlf əˈwɛrnəs | ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ əv ˈʌðərz ˈmoʊtɪvz | ənd ˌkriˈeɪtɪvəti/ Little by little, researchers have documented these abilities in other species.
/ˈlɪtəl baɪ ˈlɪtəl | riˈsərtʃərz həv ˈdɑkyəˌmɛntəd ðiz əˈbɪlətiz ɪn ˈʌðər ˈspiʃiz/
Sheep and elephants can recognize faces. /ʃip ənd ˈɛləfənts kən ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz ˈfeɪsəz/ Chimpanzees — who are genetically similar to humans — use a variety of primitive tools for eating, drinking, and hunting; they also laugh when pleased and spit to show they dislike something.
/ˌtʃɪmpænˈziz | hu ər dʒəˈnɛtɪkli ˈsɪmələr tə ˈhyumənz | yuz ə vəˈraɪəti əv ˈprɪmətɪv tulz fər ˈitɪŋ | ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ | ənd ˈhʌntɪŋ | ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ læf wɛn plizd ənd spɪt tə ʃoʊ ðeɪ dɪsˈlaɪk ˈsʌmθɪŋ/
Octopuses in captivity are known to amuse themselves by shooting water at laboratory staff.
/ˈɑktəˌpʊsəz ɪn ˈkæptɪvəti ər noʊn tə əˈmyuz ðəmˈsɛlvz baɪ ˈʃutɪŋ ˈwɔtər ət ˈlæbrəˌtɔri stæf/ They may even exhibit basic emotions by changing color.
/ðeɪ meɪ ˈivən ɪgˈzɪbət ˈbeɪsɪk ɪˈmoʊʃənz baɪ ˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ ˈkʌlər/


Alex the parrot was a surprisingly good talker.
/ˈælɛks ðə ˈpɛrət wəz ə sərˈpraɪzɪŋli gʊd ˈtɔkər/
He learned how to use his voice to imitate almost 100 English words, including those for foods, colors, shapes, and numbers.
/hi lərnd haʊ tə yuz hɪz vɔɪs tə ˈɪməˌteɪt ˈɔlmoʊst wʌn ˈhʌndrəd ˈɪŋglɪʃ wərdz | ɪnˈkludɪŋ ðoʊz fər fudz | ˈkʌlərz | ʃeɪps | ənd ˈnʌmbərz/
Although imitation was once considered a simple skill, in recent years, scientists have revealed that it’s an extremely difficult ability.
/ɔlˈðoʊ ˌɪməˈteɪʃən wəz wʌns kənˈsɪdərd ə ˈsɪmpəl skɪl | ɪn ˈrisənt yɪrz | ˈsaɪəntɪsts həv rɪˈvild ðət ɪts ən ɪkˈstrimli ˈdɪfəkəlt əˈbɪləti/
Because Alex had mastered many English words, Pepperberg could ask him questions about a bird’s basic understanding of the world.
/bɪˈkɔz ˈælɛks həd ˈmæstərd ˈmɛni ˈɪŋglɪʃ wərdz | ˈpɛpərˌbərg kəd æsk ɪm ˈkwɛstʃənz əˈbaʊt ə bərdz ˈbeɪsɪk ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ əv ðə wərld/
Alex could count, as well as describe shapes, colors, and sizes for Pepperberg; he even had an elementary understanding of the abstract concept of zero.
/ˈælɛks kəd kaʊnt | əz wɛl əz dɪˈskraɪb ʃeɪps | ˈkʌlərz | ənd ˈsaɪzəz fər ˈpɛpərˌbərg | hi ˈivən həd ˌɛləˈmɛntəri ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ əv ði əbˈstrækt ˈkɑnsɛpt əv ˈzɪroʊ/

双语

Inside Animal Minds
动物的内心世界


Tool use may be one indication of intelligence.
使用工具可能是智力的一种表现。
Primates such as chimps and orangutans use leaves as drinking tools or for protection from rain.
像黑猩猩和红毛猩猩这样的灵长类动物,会用树叶当作喝水的工具,或是用来遮雨。
Even birds such as crows have shown problem-solving skills and creativity by using tools such as metal wire to obtain food.
就连乌鸦这样的鸟类,也展现出了解决问题的能力和创造力,比如用金属丝这样的工具来获取食物。


In 1977, Irene Pepperberg, a recent graduate of Harvard University, did something very unusual.
1977年,刚从哈佛大学毕业的艾琳·佩珀伯格做了一件极不寻常的事。
Pepperberg was interested in learning if animals could think, and the best way to do this, she reasoned, was to talk to them.
佩珀伯格一直很想知道动物是否也会思考,而她认为,要弄清楚这一点,最好的方法就是跟动物”对话”。
To test her theory, she bought an African gray parrot she named Alex and taught him to reproduce the sounds of the English language.
为了验证这个想法,她买了一只非洲灰鹦鹉,取名为亚历克斯,并教它模仿英语的发音。
“I thought if he learned to communicate, I could ask him questions about how he sees the world,” she explains.
她解释道:”我想,如果它学会了沟通,我就可以问它一些问题,了解它眼中的世界是什么样子。”


When Pepperberg began her research with Alex, very few scientists acknowledged that animals were capable of thought.
佩珀伯格刚开始用亚历克斯做研究的时候,当时几乎没有科学家承认动物具备思考能力。
The general belief was that animals reacted to things in their environment but lacked the ability to think or feel.
当时普遍的看法是,动物只会对周遭环境做出反应,但没有思考或感受的能力。
How, then, could a scientist demonstrate that animals might, in fact, possess intelligence?
那么,科学家究竟要如何证明动物实际上是拥有智力的呢?
“That’s why I started my studies with Alex,” Pepperberg says.
佩珀伯格说:”这就是我开始用亚历克斯做研究的原因。”
Certain skills are considered key signs of higher mental abilities: a good memory, an understanding of symbols, self-awareness, understanding of others’ motives, and creativity.
有几项能力被认为是高等智力的关键指标:良好的记忆力、对符号的理解能力、自我意识、理解他人动机的能力,以及创造力。
Little by little, researchers have documented these abilities in other species.
研究人员逐渐在其他物种身上记录到了这些能力。
Sheep and elephants can recognize faces.
绵羊和大象能够辨认面孔。
Chimpanzees — who are genetically similar to humans — use a variety of primitive tools for eating, drinking, and hunting; they also laugh when pleased and spit to show they dislike something.
黑猩猩——基因上与人类十分相似——会使用各种简单的工具来进食、饮水和捕猎;它们高兴的时候会”笑”,不喜欢某样东西时还会吐口水表示厌恶。
Octopuses in captivity are known to amuse themselves by shooting water at laboratory staff.
人们发现,被圈养的章鱼会向实验室工作人员喷水来自娱自乐。
They may even exhibit basic emotions by changing color.
它们甚至可能通过变换体色来表达基本的情绪。
Alex the parrot was a surprisingly good talker.
鹦鹉亚历克斯的”口才”出奇地好。
He learned how to use his voice to imitate almost 100 English words, including those for foods, colors, shapes, and numbers.
它学会了用自己的声音模仿将近100个英语单词,包括表示食物、颜色、形状和数字的词汇。
Although imitation was once considered a simple skill, in recent years, scientists have revealed that it’s an extremely difficult ability.
虽然模仿曾被认为是一项简单的技能,但近年来科学家发现,这其实是一种极其困难的能力。
Because Alex had mastered many English words, Pepperberg could ask him questions about a bird’s basic understanding of the world.
因为亚历克斯已经掌握了许多英语单词,佩珀伯格得以借此了解一只鸟对这个世界的基本认知。
Alex could count, as well as describe shapes, colors, and sizes for Pepperberg; he even had an elementary understanding of the abstract concept of zero.
亚历克斯会数数,也能为佩珀伯格描述形状、颜色和大小;它甚至对”零”这个抽象概念有初步的理解。